Understand ELD Event Types in Encompass ELD (Driver Guide)

Purpose

This article outlines the 7 Event Types recorded by Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs) and the specific data elements required for each, as mandated by ELD regulations. It explains how events are coded and displayed in logs, which is essential for roadside inspections, compliance verification, and accurate recordkeeping.

When to Use This Article

• A driver or administrator needs to understand the different event types recorded by the ELD.
• A driver is reviewing their logs and sees unfamiliar event type/code combinations.
• Preparing for or responding to questions during a roadside inspection about ELD event records.

Steps to Follow

The 7 ELD Event Types

1. Change in Duty Status (1) — Records when a driver changes between Off Duty, Sleeper Berth, Driving, or On Duty Not Driving.
2. Intermediate Recording (2) — Automatically recorded when the CMV is in motion and no duty status change or intermediate status has been recorded in the past hour.
3. Special Driving Condition (3) — Records when Personal Conveyance, Yard Moves, or Waiting Time is selected or cleared.
4. Daily Log Certified (4) — Records when the driver certifies or re-certifies their daily log.
5. Log In/Log Out (5) — Records authenticated driver login and logout activities.
6. CMV Engine On/Off (6) — Records engine power-up and shut-down events with location precision.
7. ELD Malfunction or Data Diagnostic (7) — Records when malfunctions or data diagnostics are detected or cleared.

Required Data Elements by Event Type

Each event type requires specific data elements. Key required elements include:

• Driver Identifier — Required for all 7 event types.
• Vehicle Identifier — Required for all 7 event types.
• Motor Carrier — Required for all 7 event types.
• Event Date/Time (UTC) — Required for all 7 event types.
• Event Type and Code — Required for all 7 event types.
• Latitude/Longitude — Required for types 1, 3, and 6.
• Annotation/Comment — Required for types 1, 2, and 3 (4-60 characters when prompted).
• Record Originator — Required for type 1 only.
• Malfunction/Diagnostic Codes — Required for type 7 only.

Event Type and Code Combinations

When viewing logs in a Roadside Inspection, each event will have an Event Type and Code. The table below shows what each pairing represents.

Event Type	Event Code	Description
Change in Duty Status (1)	1	Duty status changed to Off Duty
Change in Duty Status (1)	2	Duty status changed to Sleeper Berth
Change in Duty Status (1)	3	Duty status changed to Driving
Change in Duty Status (1)	4	Duty status changed to On Duty Not Driving
Intermediate Recording (2)	1	Intermediate log with conventional location precision
Intermediate Recording (2)	2	Intermediate log with reduced location precision
Special Driving Condition (3)	1	Driver indicates Personal Conveyance
Special Driving Condition (3)	2	Driver indicates Yard Moves
Special Driving Condition (3)	0	Driver clears special driving condition (PC, YM, or WT ended)
Daily Log Certified (4)	1	Driver's first certification of a daily record
Daily Log Certified (4)	n	Driver's nth re-certification (n is 1-9; use 9 for 10+ re-certifications)
Log In/Log Out (5)	1	Authenticated driver ELD login
Log In/Log Out (5)	2	Authenticated driver ELD logout
CMV Engine On/Off (6)	1	Engine power-up with conventional location precision
CMV Engine On/Off (6)	2	Engine power-up with reduced location precision
CMV Engine On/Off (6)	3	Engine shut down with conventional location precision
CMV Engine On/Off (6)	4	Engine shut down with reduced location precision
ELD Malfunction or Data Diagnostic (7)	1	ELD Malfunction logged
ELD Malfunction or Data Diagnostic (7)	2	ELD Malfunction cleared
ELD Malfunction or Data Diagnostic (7)	3	Data Diagnostic Event logged
ELD Malfunction or Data Diagnostic (7)	4	Data Diagnostic Event cleared

What Not to Do / Common Pitfalls

• Do not assume all event types can be edited. Automatically recorded events (types 2 and 6) cannot be modified by the driver.
• Do not ignore Event Record Status codes when reviewing logs: 1 = active, 2 = inactive changed, 3 = inactive change requested, 4 = inactive change rejected.
• Do not confuse Event Origin codes: 1 = automatic by ELD, 2 = driver entry/edit, 3 = edit requested by admin, 4 = assumed from unidentified driver.

Escalation Path

• If a driver or inspector has questions about specific event codes not covered in this article, contact Customer Support: 1-800-327-1342.
• For detailed FMCSA requirements on ELD event types, refer to the official FMCSA ELD regulations.